United States: In Santa Clara County, California, the Shigella bacterium has emerged as a formidable threat to the homeless community. Health authorities have signaled that this populace may be experiencing an outbreak associated with this pathogen.
Following the outbreak’s identification, the local Public Health Office disseminated a compendium of protective measures against infection. Officials also delineated the outbreak’s current magnitude.
Data indicated that approximately ten homeless individuals in Santa Clara County have been confirmed positive for the infection, with around twenty-two additional cases suspected.
What Could Be the Cause of This Abrupt Outbreak?
Authorities suggest that the sudden surge in cases may be correlated with the downstream flow of the Guadalupe River from Highway 85.
In their advisories, the County Public Health Office emphasized, “Individuals in contact with the river should avoid ingesting the water and should cleanse with soap and water before eating or touching their face.”
Additionally, the office advised, “Workers from partner organizations who might encounter river water near encampments should utilize personal protective equipment.”
Where Are the Germs Located, and What Are the Common Symptoms?
Experts asserted that Shigella germs are found in feces. Common symptoms of the infection include stomach pain, bloody diarrhea, as well as fever.
The primary transmission mode is the drinking of contaminated water; however, the infection can also spread through sexual contact. Health experts also noted that caring for infected individuals could also transfer the infection from the sick to the healthy.
Why Is This Disease Severe?
It is widely understood that worseness of the infection is marked with depletion of body fluids and medical field advises that patients can lose a lot of fluids. Hence, healthcare practitioners recommend that individuals undergoing treatment should drink a lot of water during the disease.
Origins of Shigella Outbreaks in the US
Official statistics reveal that Shigella outbreaks are prevalent in US cities with dense homeless populations. In 2023, approximately 227 Shigella cases were reported in Portland, Oregon, with 44 cases documented in December alone.